New polyfluorinated aminoalcohols

ABSTRACT

Polyfluorinated aminoalcohols having the following general formula:   WITH A POLYFLUOROALKANE HALIDE HAVING THE FOLLOWING GENERA   FORMULA;   IN WHICH: CnF2n 1 represents a straight or branched perfluorinated hydrocarbon chain and in which n represents a whole number between one and 20; a is an even number of two or four; R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl radical containing from one to nine carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl radical containing from five to nine carbon atoms or an aryl radical containing from six to ten carbon atoms; X and X&#39;&#39; represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical containing from one to four carbon atoms in which X and X&#39;&#39; can be identical or different; b is a whole number between one and four; R&#39;&#39; represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical having one to four carbon atoms and R&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; is an alkyl radical having from one to nine carbon atoms, and to a process for preparing the products of formula (I) which comprises reacting an amino-alcohol having the following general formula:   WITH A POLYFLUOROALKANE HALIDE HAVING THE FOLLOWING GENERAL FORMULA; (III) CnF2n 1 - CH2 - aY in which Y represents bromine or iodine and in which n, a, R, X, X&#39;&#39;, b, R&#39;&#39;, R&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; correspond to the definitions given above at a temperature of between about 0* and 200* C in the presence of a solvent according to the following equation:

llte States Patent [191 Foulletier et al.

[ Sept. I1, 1973 I NEW POLYFLUORINATED AMINOALCOHOLS [75] Inventors: Louis Foulletier, Oullins;Jean-Pierre Lalu, La Mulatiere, both of France [73] Assignee: Ugine Kuhlmann, Paris, France [22] Filed: Dec. 15, 1969 [21] Appl. No.: 885,257

3,134,816 5/1964 Scott 260/583 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 677,907 l/l964 Canada 260/583 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Wagner & Zook, Synthetic Organic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: New York, 1953, pgs. 666-670.

Primary Examiner-Lewis Gotts Assistant Examiner-C. F. Warren Attorney-Pennie, Edmonds, Morton, Taylor and Adams 5 71 ABSTRACT Polyfluorinated aminoalcohols having the following general formula:

f c F CH NRCXX-C in which:

C,,F represents a straight or branched perfluorinated hydrocarbon chain and in which n represents a whole number between one and 20; a is an even number of two or four; R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl radical containing from one to nine carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl radical containing from five to nine carbon atoms or an aryl radical containing from six to ten carbon atoms; X and X represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical containing from one to four carbon atoms in which X and X can be identical or different; b is a whole number between one and four; R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical having one to four carbon atoms and R" is an alkyl radical having from one to nine carbon atoms, and to a process for preparing the products of formula (I) which comprises reacting an amino-alcohol having the following general formula: Y

with a polyfluoroalkane halide having the following general formula;

(III) C,,F Cll-l -)-,,Y in which Y represents bromine or iodine and in which n, a, R, X, X, b, R, R" correspond to the definitions given above at a temperature of between about 0 and 200 C in the presence of a solvent according to the following equation:

5 Claims, No Drawings 1 NEW POLYFLUORINATED AMINOALCOHOLS The polyfluorinated aminoalcohols of this invention have very advantageous and varied uses and applications. The products of this invention for example are 5 useful in the textile, leather and paper industries and can be admixed with or added to numerous plastic and resinoud compositions. When added to or admixed with plastic or resinous compositions they act as plasticizing agents and impart autolubricating properties to the plastic and resinous compositions to improve their surface properties. The polyfluorinated aminoalcohols of this invention are especially valuable and advantageous as tensio-active or surface active agents. The

compounds act as surface active agents in many differl5 ent media including water, organic solvents, diluted or concentrated acids or diluted or concentrated alkalis. The products of this invention are also excellent leveling agents and when incorporated into viscous products such as waxes, greases, varnishes and paints they significantly improve the leveling thereof when applied to a surface. The products also improve the spreading out properties of such viscous products upon application.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention broadly relates to polyfluorinated aminoalcohols l ying the following generalformula:

carbon atoms and in which X and X can be identifical or different; b is a whole number between one and four; R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical having one to four carbon atoms and R" is an alkyl radical having from one to nine carbon atoms, and to a process for preparing the'products of formula (I) which comprises reacting an aminoalcohol having the following general formula:

with a polyfluoralkane halide having the following general formula:

Compounds coming within the scope of the general formula (I) in which n is a number between six and I2 and particularly between six and eight and in which b is one or two have exceptional and unobvious properties as hereinafter disclosed.

The alkyl, cycloalkyl and aryl radicals disclosed herein are hydrocarbon, alkylcycloalkyl and aryl radi- Various solvents for the aminoalcohols can be used in carrying out process according to this invention, and it is advantageous to use a solvent which has a boiling temperature below about 200 C. Some examples of solvents which can be used according to this invention include halogenated hydrocarbons having between about one to four carbon atoms such as fluorinated,

chlorinated, fluoro-chlorinated hydrocarbons. As specific and advantageous halogenated hydrocarbon solvents include chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, methylene chloride, ethylene chloride, l-l-dichloroethylene, difluorotetrachloroethane, trichlorotrifluroethane and Additional solvents that can be used according to this invention include primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols having from one to about 10 carbon atoms, for example, n-butanol, isobutanol, n-pentanol, isopenanol, n-hexanol, Z-heptanol, n-heptano'l, n-octanol; aliphatic, cyclic, heterocyclic and aromatic ethers such as ethyl, propyl, and isopropyl ethers, dioxan, tetrahydrofuran,

tetrahydropyrone, and anisole; aliphatic, cyclic, andaromatic ketones such as 2-butanone, Z-pentanone, 3- pentanone, cyclohexanone and acetophenone; aliphatic and aromatic esters such as propyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, phenyl acetate, methyl benzoate, and ethyl benzoate; and aprotic solvents such as dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfphoxide hexamethylphosphorotriamide.

The process of this invention can be carried out quite simply by mixing an aminoalcohol according to formula (II) with a polyfluoroalkane halide according to formula (III) together with a suitable solvent and heating the mixture for a brief time to complete the reaction to form the novel compounds according to formula (I). The exact temperature used to carry out the reaction can be varied quite widely from about 0 to 200 C depending upon the particular aminoalcohol, polyfluoroalkane halide and solvent being employed to carry out the reaction. It has been found most of the reactions that can advantageously be carried out according to this invention at a temperature from between about to C. The exact temperature and time i used for carrying out the reaction can be determined by routine experimentation by one skilled in the art. After the reaction has been completed the products of this invention can be recovered therefrom by various means including distillation, decantation and/or extraction depending upon the particular materials being reacted and the particular solvent employed as the reaction medium.

After the reaction has been completed, it is generally advantageous to remove the majority of the solvent by distillation, add an alkali such as sodium hydroxide to the residue of the distillation and extract the products of this invention with a suitable solvent for the product being produced such as ethyl ether. The extract can then be dried, for example on a hydrous sodium sulphate, and the extract distilled.

The polyfluorinated aminoalcohols of this invention have very advantageous and varied uses andapplications. The products of this invention for exampleare useful in the textile, leather and paper industries and can be admixed with or added to numerous plastic and resinous compositions. When added to or admixed with plastic or resinous compositions they act as plasticizing agents and impart auto-lubricating properties to the plastic and resinous compositions to improve their surface properties. The polyfluorinated amino alcohols of this invention are especially valuable and advantageous as tensio-active or surface active agents. The compounds act as surface active agents in many different media including water, organic solvents, diluted or concentrated acids and diluted or concentrated alkalis. The products of this invention are also excellent leveling agents and when incorporated into viscous products such as waxes, greases, varnishes and paints theysignificantly improve the leveling thereof when applied to a surface. The products also improve the spreading out properties of such viscous products upon application.

Products of exceptional value and having particularly unexpected properties are the polyfluorinated aminoalcohols in which n is between eight and six, a is two or four, R is hydrogen, X and X are both hydrogen, b is one or two, R is hydrogen and R" is a methyl radical. For example the following compounds +CH NH CH CHOH CH, and

C +CH NH CH CHOH CH whenadded to water in a concentration of 100 ppm lowers the surface tension of the water at 18 C to 28.3 5

dymes/cm and 30.3 dymes/cm respectively.

The following examples illustrate some specific pro cesses according to this invention. In all of the following examples when a fraction contains several constituents the percentages given are molar percentages of the various compounds and the yields reported are based on the starting fluorinated material.

EXAMPLE 1 A mixture of 37.4 g (0.1 mole) C4F9-C2H4-I 30 g mole) of amino-l-propanol-Z and 100 cc of amyl 0. Fraction /6 mm Hg 18.3 g was C41 C l-l. NH Ch, CHOH CH; (57 mmoles). This product has a melting point approaching 45.

C49 C2H4 CH3 isolated am o f 5'Tperc iit'f Y EXAMPLE 2 47.4 g (0.1 mole) ofC F, -,-C H -l, 30 g (0.4 mole) of amino-l-propanol-Z andlOQ cc of amyl alcohol were 615E556 into a s uitafie vessel and heated at C for 4 hours under constant stirring. After the 4 hours reaction period and the reaction was completed the majority of the amyl alcohol was removed therefrom by distillation. The azeotrope amyl alcohol C F -CH CH was removed at the beginning of the distillation. 3.4 g of this olefin was collected by decantation. The residue of the distillation was stirred with 50 cc of a 10 percent by weight aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and the resulting solution extracted four times with 50 cc of ethyl ether. The ethereal extracts were dried on anhydrous sodium sulfate and then distilled. During the distillation the ethyl ether and amyl alcohol was first recovered and 27.2 g of C F C l-l NH CH CHOH CH was collected at 109 C/4 mm. The conversion rate of the amino alcohol recovered was 64.5 percent. EXAMPLE 3 57.4 g (0.1 mole) ofC F -C l-h-l, 30 g (0.4 mole) of aminol -propanol-Z and l90 cc of amyl alcohol yy ere charged into a suitifiale reaction vessel andf heated at 110 C for 4 hours under constant stirring. The reaction mixture was then distilled and the following fraction plus a residue was obtained:

0. Fraction 105 C/200 mm: 13.4 g comprising the 1 olefin C F -CH CH (30 mmoles) and b. Fraction 75 C/50 mm: comprising amyl alcohol The residue was then stirred with 50 cc of a 10 percent by weight aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and the resulting solution extracted four times with 50 cc of ethyl ether. The ethereal extracts were dried on anhydrous sodium sulfate and then distilled. The ethyl ether and amyl alcohol was first obtained by the distillation and g Of CBF17 CZH4 CH2 CH3 at 114 C/l-Z mm were recovered. This fluorinated amino alcohol was isolated with a conversion rate of 61 percent and had a melting point approaching 73 C. EXAMPLE 4 60 grams (0.89 mole) of C F C l-1 l, 27 grams $0.36 mole) of amino-l-propanol-Z and 90 cc of amyl alcaiol were charged into a suitable reaction vessel and heated at C for 4 hours under constant stirring. The reaction mixture was then stirred with 50 cc of a 10 percent by weight sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. The resulting solution was extracted four times with 50 cc of ethyl ether. The ethereal extracts were then dried on anhydrous sodium sulfate and the ethereal extracts distilled to obtain the following three fraction and residue:

a. Fraction 50C/20 mm this fraction is an azeotrope comprising amyl alcohol and C 1 CH CH This olefin (11.5 g) has been isolated by decantation. b. Fraction 55 C/20 mm comprising amyl alcohol c. Fraction 123 C/l mm 36.4 g of C F C 14 NH CH CHOH CH 7 d. Residue 4.2 g non-identified solid. The aminoalcohol was isolated with a conversion rate of 66 percent. EXAMPLE 5 40.2 grams (0.1 mole) of C F -C H I 30 grams (0.4 mole) of amino-l-propanol-Z and 100 cc of amyl alcohol were charged into a suitable reaction vessel and heated at 130 C for 4 hours under constant stirring. The reaction mixture was then distilled to remove the amyl alcohol. The residue was then stirred with 50 cc of a percent by weight sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and the resulting solution extracted four times with 50 cc of ethyl ether. The extracts were then dried on anydrous sodium sulfate and the ethereal extracts distilled. The distillation first removed the ethyl ether and a small amount of amyl alcohol and 27.2 grams of C 1 -l-C H.,+ NH CH CHQH Cl l yvereohtained at 103 C/4mm and 2 grams of a non-identified solid residue remained. The above aminoalcohol was obtained with the yield of 78 percent.

EXAMPLE 6 50.3 grams (0.1 mole) of C 1 +C H -ll, 30 grams (0.4 mole) of amino-1-propanol-2 and 100 cc of amyl alcohol were charged into a suitable reaction vessel and heated at 115 C for 4 hours under constant stirring. The reaction mixture was then stirred with 50 cc of a 10 percent by weight sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and the resulting solution extracted four times with 50 cc of ethyl ether. The extracts were then dried on anhydrous sodium sulfate and the ethereal extracts distilled. The ethyl ether and a small amount of amyl alcohol were first removed by the distillation and 36.1 grams of C F13+C H NH CH, CHOH CH were collected at 124 C/4mm. The aminoalcohol was recovered with a yield of 80.5 percent.

EXAMPLE 7 30.1 grams (0.05 mole) of c ms-0 n I, 15 grams (0.20 mole) of amino-l-propanol-Z and 50 cc of amyl alcohol were charged into a suitable reaction vessel and heated at 1 15 C for 4 hours under constant stirring. The mixture was then stirred with a 10 percent by weight sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and the resulting solution extracted four times with 50 cc of ethyl ether. The extracts were then dried on anhydrous sodium sulfate and the ethereal extracts distilled. The distillation first removed the ethyl ether and amyl alcohol and 25 grams of C F (C H NH-Cl-h-CHOH-CH were collected at 110 C/lmm. The aminoalcohol was recovered with a yield of 91 percent.

EXAMPLE 8 (0.4 mole) of methylamino-l-propanol-Z and 100 cc of amyl alcohol were charged into a suitable reaction vessel and heated at 90 C for 4 hours under constant stirring. The resulting reaction mixture was then stirred with 50 cc ofa 10 percent by weight sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and the resulting solution extracted four times with 50 cc of ethyl ether. The extracts were then dried on anhydrous sodium sulfate and the ethereal extracts distilled.'The distillation resulted in the removal of the ethyl ether and the amyl alcohol and 32 grams of C F, -C H -N(CH )-CH,-CHOH-CH,, were collected at 107 C/9mm. The above aminoalcohol is a viscous liquid and was recovered with a yield of 73.5 percent. EXAMPLE 9 47.4 grams (0.1 mole) of C 1 C H l, 49 grams (0.31 mole) of cyclohexylamino-lpropanol-2 and 100 cc of amyl alcohol were charged into a suitable reaction vessel and heated at C for 4 hours under constant stirring. The mixture was then distilled and the following fractions and residue were obtained:

a. Fraction 52 C/200 mm. This fraction is an azeotrope comprising amyl alcohol and C 1 CH CH This olefin (13.8 g 40 mmoles) was isolated by decanation.

b. Fraction 88 C/ mm constituted of amyl alcohol c. Residue The above residue was then stirred with 50 cc of a 10 percent by weight sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and the resulting solution extracted four times with 50 cc with ethyl ether. The ethereal extracts were then dried on anhydrous sodium sulfate and distilled. The distillation resulted in the collection of ethyl ether and the following two fractions:

e. Fraction 90 C/3-4 mm Hg 9 g comprising amyl al- 55m" (31 1.8 permit)"firarcyeiasex iammo-ipropanol-Z (65.2 percent) f. Fraction C/l mm 25.7 g comprising amyl alcohol (6 percent) and of The above amino alcohol was recovered with a yield of 50.5 percent.

We claim:

1. Compounds having the following general formula:

RI CHg .NR CXX T+R/ in which:

C F +1 represents a straight or branched perfluorinated hydrocarbon chain and in which n represents a whole number between one and 20; a is an even number of two or four; R represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl radical containing from one to nine carbon atoms; X and X represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical containing from one to four carbon atoms and in which X and X can be identical or different; b is a whole number between one and four; R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical having one to four carbon atoms and R" is an alkyl radical having from one to nine carbon atoms. 2. Compounds according to claim 1 in which n is a number between six and 12.

3. Compounds of claim 1 in which n is a number between six and eight and b is one or two.

4. The compound C 1 (-CH NH CH CHOH CH 5. The compound C 1 -(-CH NH CH CHOH CH UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,758,587 Dated September 11, 1973 Louis Foulletier and Jean-Pierre Lalu Inventor(s) It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 15., line 14., "0149-0" should read --C1 F' -C--.

Signed and sealed this 25th day of June 197 (SEAL) Attest:

EDWARD M.FLETCHER C. MARCHALL DANN Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents FOR Po-10so (10-69) USCOMM-DC 60376-P69 9 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: I959 0-356'334. 

2. Compounds according to claim 1 in which n is a number between six and
 12. 3. Compounds of claim 1 in which n is a number between six and eight and b is one or two.
 4. The compound C8F17 -CH2 -2 NH - CH2 - CHOH - CH3
 5. The compound C6F13 -CH2)4 - NH - CH2 - CHOH - CH3 